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An emitted gamma ray from any type of excited state may transfer its energy directly to any electrons, but most probably to one of the K shell electrons of the atom, causing it to be ejected from that atom, in a process generally termed the photoelectric effect (external gamma rays and ultraviolet rays may also cause …
Can atoms absorb gamma rays?
6.17) the γ-ray is absorbed and immediately re-emitted from the atom with unchanged energy but in a different direction. Coherently scattered radiation can give interference patterns, so the process is used for structural analysis of absorbing material in the same way as X-rays are.
Do gamma rays split atoms?
Absorption of gamma rays by nuclei can cause them to eject neutrons or alpha particles or it can even split a nucleus like a bursting bubble in what is called photodisintegration.
What are gamma rays absorbed by?
It can pass through the skin, but it is absorbed by a few centimetres of body tissue or a few millimetres of aluminium. Gamma radiation is the most penetrating of the three radiations. It can easily penetrate body tissue. It requires several centimetres of lead or about 1 metre of concrete to absorb it.
What are gamma rays used for?
Gamma rays are ionizing electromagnetic radiation, obtained by the decay of an atomic nucleus. Gamma rays are more penetrating, in matter, and can damage living cells to a great extent. Gamma rays are used in medicine (radiotherapy), industry (sterilization and disinfection) and the nuclear industry.
How do gamma rays damage cells?
・When the human body (its cells) is exposed to radiation (X rays and gamma rays), electrons are emitted from atoms and molecules. ・These electrons bounce around, dispersing energy into surrounding areas. ・This results in the formation of radicals.
How are gamma rays harmful?
The extremely high energy of gamma rays allows them to penetrate just about anything. They can even pass through bones and teeth. This makes gamma rays very dangerous. They can destroy living cells, produce gene mutations, and cause cancer.
How are gamma rays used in astronomy?
These are produced by spectacular events in the Universe such as stars exploding, matter falling into black holes and celestial objects colliding. By collecting gamma rays, astronomers are able to see these violent events and can judge exactly how they shape the Universe.
Are gamma rays helpful?
Gamma rays can be helpful as well as harmful (and are very unlikely to turn you into the Hulk). To destroy brain cancers and other problems, medical scientists sometimes use a "gamma ray knife." This consists of many beams of gamma rays focused on the cells that need to be destroyed.
What mutations can gamma rays cause?
In this regards, it is well established that radiation, especially the ionizing ones, can destroy the DNA, hence causing cancer and genetic mutations.
