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The amount of heat radiated from the atmosphere to the surface (sometimes called “back radiation”) is equivalent to 100 percent of the incoming solar energy. The Earth's surface responds to the “extra” (on top of direct solar heating) energy by raising its temperature.Jan 14, 2009

What does radiation balance mean?

3.02. The radiation balance of the Earth system is the algebraic sum of the incoming and outgoing components of radiation. These components are balanced over long-time periods and over the Earth as whole. If they were not, the Earth would be continually cooling or warming.

What is Earth’s radiation?

Earth's net radiation, sometimes called net flux, is the balance between incoming and outgoing energy at the top of the atmosphere. It is the total energy that is available to influence the climate. Energy comes in to the system when sunlight penetrates the top of the atmosphere.

Can the Earth radiate energy?

Because Earth is much cooler than the Sun, it re-radiates energy as longwave, lower-energy wavelengths than it absorbs. This absorbed energy is re-radiated as infrared radiation, which we feel as heat.

What type of radiation is trapped by the greenhouse effect?

longwave infrared radiation Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (such as water vapor and carbon dioxide) absorb most of the Earth's emitted longwave infrared radiation, which heats the lower atmosphere.

What time of day is net radiation positive?

morning As net radiation become positive, the surface warms quickly and transfers heat to the air above. Air temperature rises sharply in the morning hours and continues to rise after the noon peak of net radiation.

How does Earth balance the radiation?

To maintain a constant global average temperature, all of the sun's radiation that enters Earth's atmosphere must eventually be sent back to space. This is achieved through Earth's energy balance. Figure A depicts how the energy from the sun is absorbed, reflected, and emitted by the earth.

How does radiation affect the air?

Atmospheric radiation is critically important to understand because it affects both weather (for example, heating of the land surface by sunlight drives the formation of convective clouds) and climate (for example, long term changes in the amount of radiation reflected or absorbed by aerosols, clouds, or gases may …

What happens to sunlight that strikes the ground?

The sun's radiation strikes the ground, thus warming the rocks. As the rock's temperature rises due to conduction, heat energy is released into the atmosphere, forming a bubble of air which is warmer than the surrounding air. This bubble of air rises into the atmosphere.

Does the Earth lose heat to space?

Since Earth is surrounded by the vacuum of outer space, it cannot lose energy through conduction or convection. Instead, the only way the Earth loses energy to space is by electromagnetic radiation.