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This process decreases the number of neutrons by one and increases the number of protons by one. Since the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the element, the conversion of a neutron to a proton actually changes the radionuclide to a different element.This process decreases the number of neutrons by one and increases the number of protons by one. Since the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the element, the conversion of a neutron to a proton actually changes the radionuclide to a different element.
What does beta do to an atom?
Beta decay just changes neutron to proton or, in the case of positive beta decay (electron capture) proton to neutron so the number of individual quarks doesn't change.
What are the effects of beta radiation?
Beta particles are capable of penetrating the skin and causing radiation damage, such as skin burns. As with alpha emitters, beta emitters are most hazardous when they are inhaled or swallowed or absorbed into the blood stream through wounds.
What happens when a beta particle collides with an atom?
A beta particle electron is indistinguishable from the electrons it interacts with. When a beta particle and an atomic electron have a head-on collision, it becomes impossible to distinguish between the two particles and the energy is shared between the two miniscule, identical corpuscules.
What is beta radiation physics?
Beta radiation consists of high energy electrons emitted from the nucleus. These electrons have not come from the electron shells or energy levels around the nucleus. Instead, they form when a neutron splits into a proton and an electron.
Are beta particles electromagnetic waves?
electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ) particle radiation, such as alpha radiation (α), beta radiation (β), proton radiation and neutron radiation (particles of non-zero rest energy)
What do beta particles do to cells?
As an example of ionization, beta rays are fast electrons that lose energy as they pass through cells and interact with molecules. The transferred energy is high enough to disrupt chemical bonds, which results in radical formation (or ionization).
How does beta radiation cause ionisation of an atom?
A beta particle may collide with an orbital electron or come into close proximity to it and cause the electron to be ejected, thereby resulting in the formation of an ion pair.
What does beta radiation consist of?
Beta radiation takes the form of either an electron or a positron (a particle with the size and mass of an electron, but with a positive charge) being emitted from an atom.
How does beta decay affect the atomic number?
Beta decay changes the atomic number of the nucleus by increasing the number of protons, by decreasing the number of neutrons while leaving the atomic mass essentially the same.
